Summary

This Steps, stated by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), a WHO Initiative, try to help patients and professionals to improve the asthma  control.

1. Ask your doctor to prepare a written personal asthma management plan.

Ask a doctor to develop an effective treatment plan that is medically appropriate and practical in relation to your own daily schedule. The plan should be written and should include medications to take, as well as risk factors to avoid. Follow the plan carefully to prevent your asthma from getting worse.

2. Take medications prescribed by your doctor.

Most people with asthma will be told by their doctor to take a medication to relieve asthma symptoms, and another medication to control swelling and inflammation in the airways.

3. Be aware of the factors that make your asthma worse.

Learn about the allergens, irritants, and other conditions that make your asthma worse, and take steps to avoid them as much as possible.

4. Learn to recognize when your symptoms are getting worse.

Learn how to recognize signs of worsening asthma, such as increasing cough, chest tightness, wheezing, difficulty breathing, sleep disturbance, or peak flow below your personal best despite increased use of medication. Note the times of day when your symptoms tend to be worse.

5. Know what to do in an asthma attack.

Do not underestimate the severity of an asthma attack. Carry a card that tells you and others what your doctors recommend in case of an asthma attack. Try to stay calm and follow the instructions on your card, including when to seek medical care.